1. Introduction
Version followed: Doreen Virtue's "Angel Therapy" and angel oracle cards as published by Hay House (Angel Therapy Practitioner course taught from 1997; card decks and guidebooks), together with Virtue's renunciation of this work from 2017 as she and news reports describe it; lay angel-card use as described in ethnographic research on angel spirituality in Finland. This guide is written for a psychotherapist whose client uses, used, sells or has been certified in these practices. It is not a manual for giving angel readings or angel healing, and the therapist does not perform them. [source: NetGalley listing, The Angel Therapy Handbook; Aldrich 2017, The Wild Hunt; Virtue, Christianity Today 2022; Utriainen, Religious Studies Project 2017]
What it is, as published. "Angel therapy" is the name Virtue gave to spiritual healing and psychic readings carried out "with angels and archangels". The Angel Therapy Handbook (Hay House, 2011) is described by its publisher listing as the reference handbook for her Angel Therapy Practitioner course, covering the purpose of guardian angels and archangels, the types of intuitive perception she called the "clairs" (for example clairsentience, claircognizance), the methods taught in her workshops, and how to choose a specialty, market services and run workshops. Her organisation's certificates included Angel Therapy Practitioner, Certified Angelologist, Angel Intuitive and Fairyologist. Her oracle decks (for example Archangel Oracle Cards, Hay House, 45 cards, presented as introducing 15 archangels and their messages) came with guidebooks explaining how to give an angel reading for oneself and others. [source: NetGalley; Aldrich 2017; akademika.no listing]
Core idea of change, as the current holds it. In this current, guardian angels and archangels are benevolent spiritual beings who can be called on, who send guidance through intuitive impressions, signs and cards, and who assist emotional healing. Change is understood as receiving and acting on angelic guidance and healing. These are religious and esoteric beliefs described here as practitioners hold them, neither affirmed nor dismissed. Evidence status: no controlled evidence that card readings predict events or that angel healing has specific effects is documented in the sources cited here [uncertain: not verified].
How people use it. Ethnographic research in Finland describes angel spirituality as "practical religion" practised overwhelmingly by women (over 90% in that research), often in caring and education jobs, from Lutheran, esoteric, spiritualist or secular backgrounds. Typical uses: drawing an angel card for the day or for a question, colour associations with particular archangels, guided meditations to meet one's angel, and angel-healing courses described as similar to Reiki and used mostly for emotional problems. [source: Utriainen, Religious Studies Project 2017]
The founder's renunciation. Virtue was baptised in February 2017 and in 2017 publicly renounced tarot and other fortune-telling, mediumship and the foundations of her earlier teaching; Hay House agreed to take at least one of her deity books and its companion cards out of print, and her later courses carried a disclaimer that they did not include divination or angelic communication. In her own later account she calls the New Age teaching she promoted deception, describes her reliance on divination cards and psychic readings as replacing trust in God, and says she has asked people to stop using and selling her old products. Accounts of the timing differ: her own account dates the start of her change to a sermon in January 2015, while 2017 reporting dates her baptism to 25 February 2017 and her public denunciation to a video in August 2017 [uncertain: sources differ]. She has also described herself as having worked as a psychotherapist before 1995 and holds a master's in counselling psychology [uncertain: secondary, unverified]. [source: Aldrich 2017; Virtue, Christianity Today 2022; Wikipedia, Doreen Virtue]
2. Framework
Angel therapy as published has no clinical phase structure. Its own public formats are (a) the self-reading or reading for another person with an oracle deck, (b) angel-healing sessions, (c) guided meditation to meet one's angel, and (d) certificate courses for practitioners. No source gives session counts or durations for any of these, and none are given here. [source: NetGalley; Hay House kit description, Alibris; Utriainen 2017]
The psychotherapist's work is organised in four phases [synthesis]:
- Engagement and cultural assessment. Goal: understand what angels, cards and readings mean in this client's life, in the client's words, using the Cultural Formulation Interview (CFI) and its Spirituality, Religion and Moral Traditions module. Move on when you can state the client's own explanatory model and how the practice relates to the presenting problem.
- Differential assessment and risk. Goal: distinguish ordinary religious experience and practice from psychosis, mania, dissociation, OCD or scrupulosity, and complicated or prolonged grief, without treating belief as symptom; screen for dependence, spending and safeguarding concerns. Move on when risk is assessed and a shared formulation is agreed.
- Focused work. Goal: work on what the client wants changed (for example grief, decision-making that has been handed over to readings, spending, the loss of a practitioner identity after the founder's renunciation, religious conflict), with the practice treated as meaningful context, not as the treatment. Move on when the client's own goals are met or the client chooses to stop.
- Consolidation and referral. Goal: relapse planning for reassurance-seeking or spending; links to the client's chosen community, spiritual adviser, financial advice or psychiatric care as needed.
Format: individual sessions at whatever frequency your usual model uses; no modality-specific session count exists [synthesis].
3. Guiding principles
- Client-led meaning. Explore angels, signs and readings in the client's own vocabulary and only with consent; do not import interpretations. Practical meaning: ask what a card or sign meant to them before asking anything else. [synthesis; CFI module, APA 2013]
- Neither endorse nor debunk. Describe angelic beliefs as the client holds them; give no verdict on whether angels exist or whether a reading was accurate. Practical meaning: reflect, do not rule. [synthesis]
- Belief is not a symptom. A belief in angels, or an experience of a sign, is assessed for distress, impairment, form and context, not for content alone. Practical meaning: assess the same way you would for any shared religious belief in the client's community. [synthesis; ICD-10-CM Z65.8 lists "Religious or spiritual problem" as a non-disorder problem code]
- The therapist is never reader, healer or medium. No readings, card draws, angel invocations or healing in session, even if requested. Practical meaning: if a client hands you a deck, you can look at what they drew, but you do not draw or interpret for them. [synthesis]
- Respect the client's autonomy, including continued practice. Many clients use angel cards lightly and with benefit; the target is distress, dependence or harm, not the practice. Practical meaning: frame goals around the client's own concerns. [synthesis]
- Watch power and money. Readings and certificates are sold; costs, repeat purchases and dependency on a reader are clinical information. Practical meaning: ask about spending as routinely as you ask about sleep. [synthesis; Aldrich 2017 reports students describing large spending on courses]
- "Therapy" in the name does not make it clinical treatment. Angel Therapy Practitioner is a course certificate from a private teaching organisation, not a health professional licence. Practical meaning: clarify for clients what training and regulation lie behind any "therapist" title they encounter, including your own. [synthesis; whether "therapist" is a protected title depends on jurisdiction: uncertain]
- Hold the founder's renunciation lightly. Clients may read it as vindication, betrayal, spiritual crisis or irrelevance. Practical meaning: explore what it means to them, without using it as an argument for or against the practice. [synthesis; Aldrich 2017 documents grief and a sense of betrayal among former students]
- Grief takes precedence. Bereaved clients who seek angel messages about the dead need grief-informed care first. Practical meaning: assess grief before assessing the readings. [synthesis]
- Separate roles. A therapist who also offers angel readings or healing keeps that work entirely outside therapy and does not offer it to clients. [synthesis]
- Competence. Use spiritual and religious competencies (Vieten et al. 2013) [uncertain: not verified] and seek consultation where the client's tradition is unfamiliar. [synthesis]
4. Intervention inventory
Part A outlines the practices as their publishers describe them, so the therapist can recognise what a client is doing. These are for understanding only; the therapist does not perform them. Part B gives the psychotherapist's own interventions.
Part A. The practices as published (outline only)
A1. Angel-card (oracle-card) reading
- Purpose, as published: to receive messages from angels or archangels about a question or the day ahead, for oneself or for another person. [source: akademika.no listing, Archangel Oracle Cards; Alibris listing, How to Give an Angel Card Reading Kit]
- Format in outline: Hay House sold decks with guidebooks giving a meaning for each card, and a DVD course (2005) whose listed topics were clearing and consecrating a deck, interpreting card meanings, "different card spreads", reading for others and invoking the angels. In everyday lay use a person draws a single card for the day or for a specific question and reads a single word or message from it, much as people read horoscopes. Multi-card spreads assign positions to cards; spread layouts, consecration and invocation wording are not given here. [source: Alibris; Utriainen 2017]
- Example language (illustrative), for exploring it: "When you draw a card in the morning, what happens next? What do you do with the message?"
- Watch for: whether the client uses the card as one input among many or as a decision rule; repeated draws on the same question until the answer feels right (a reassurance-seeking pattern) [synthesis].
A2. Paid angel readings by a practitioner
- Purpose, as published: the Angel Therapy Practitioner course trained people to give psychic readings with angels and archangels for clients and to build a practice. [source: NetGalley listing, The Angel Therapy Handbook]
- Format in outline: a reading session with a practitioner, in person or remote, often using an oracle deck and the practitioner's reported intuitive impressions (the "clairs"). No source gives fees or session length.
- Example language (illustrative): "How did you find this reader, and how often do you see them? What did the last reading cost?"
- Watch for: increasing frequency, rising spending, a reader who discourages other help or creates fear, readings about whether to leave a partner or stop medical treatment [synthesis].
A3. Angel healing
- Purpose, as published: healing for emotional problems, taught in courses and described in research as similar to Reiki; practitioners call on angels to heal themselves or others. [source: Utriainen 2017; NetGalley]
- Format in outline: public outline only; this is angel and energy work, and no steps or words are given. Healing claims are attributed to practitioners; no source cited here documents effects beyond those of ordinary supportive contact [uncertain: not verified].
- Example language (illustrative): "What did you hope the healing would change, and what changed afterwards?"
- Watch for: angel healing used in place of medical or psychiatric assessment or treatment; never advise a client to start, stop or change any medicine, and route medical questions to their doctor [synthesis].
A4. Guided meditation to meet one's angel and colour correspondences
- Purpose, as published: visualised journeys (for example to a sacred garden) in which the person meets their angel, receives a symbol or word and brings it into daily life; colours are linked with particular archangels and noticed as signs. [source: Utriainen 2017]
- Example language (illustrative): "When you notice green and think of Raphael, how does that feel? Comforting, or something you have to check?"
- Watch for: sign-checking that becomes compulsive, fear when a sign is "missed", vivid imagery that the client later struggles to distinguish from memory, or dissociative episodes during meditation [synthesis].
A5. Certificate courses (Angel Therapy Practitioner and related)
- Purpose, as published: to certify practitioners; certificates included Angel Therapy Practitioner, Certified Angelologist, Angel Intuitive and Fairyologist; course content after the founder's conversion carried a disclaimer excluding divination and angelic communication. [source: Aldrich 2017]
- Example language (illustrative): "What did the certificate mean to you, and what does it mean now?"
- Watch for: sunk-cost distress, income loss, shame, or anger after the founder's renunciation; clients presenting the title to others as a clinical qualification [synthesis].
Part B. The psychotherapist's interventions
B1. Client-led exploration of meaning
- Purpose and when to use: at first mention of angels, cards or readings, and whenever the practice becomes relevant to the problem. Builds safety and gives you the client's explanatory model. [synthesis]
- Steps:
- Ask permission to talk about the practice and say you will not judge it.
- Ask what angels are for this client, how they came to the practice, and what it gives them.
- Ask for a recent concrete example: the question, the card or sign, the interpretation, what the client did next and how they felt.
- Reflect back in the client's own words; check you have it right.
- Ask whether anything about the practice worries them or people close to them.
- Example language (illustrative): "Angels seem important to you. Would it be all right to hear more about what they mean in your life? I'm not here to tell you what's true; I want to understand how it works for you."
- Watch for: relief at not being judged (working); guarded or defensive replies (go slower); a client asking you to confirm or interpret a message (decline kindly and return to their own view). [synthesis]
B2. Cultural Formulation Interview with the Spirituality, Religion and Moral Traditions module
- Purpose and when to use: early assessment, or when religious or spiritual issues appear central. [source: APA DSM-5 CFI Supplementary Modules]
- Steps: use the core CFI for the client's definition of the problem, cause, supports and help-seeking; then the module's four areas, in your own words: (1) spiritual, religious and moral identity, affiliations and family traditions; (2) the role of the tradition in daily and family life and practices at home and elsewhere; (3) how the tradition relates to the problem, including whether practices, texts or community have helped; (4) stresses or conflicts linked to the tradition, distress about faith or practice, discrimination and conflicts with others. Cover any second tradition (for example a Christian upbringing alongside angel practice, or a conversion away from it). Do not reproduce the interview items; work from the published form. [source: APA DSM-5 CFI Supplementary Modules]
- Example language (illustrative): "Some people mix several traditions: church, angels, other things. What's the mix for you, and do any of them pull against each other?"
- Watch for: conflict between angel practice and a family's or new church's teaching (common after a conversion like the founder's); discrimination or ridicule experienced from family or health services. [synthesis]
B3. Mapping the reading pattern (frequency, decisions, costs)
- Purpose and when to use: when readings may be driving decisions, anxiety or spending. [synthesis]
- Steps:
- With consent, ask the client to keep a simple log for two weeks: when they drew a card or sought a reading, the trigger, the question, what they did with the answer, how anxious they felt before and after, and any money spent.
- Review the log together; look for patterns such as repeated draws on one question, readings before every decision, or spending rising with distress.
- Ask the client to rate how far each decision was their own choice versus "the cards decided".
- Agree whether anything in the pattern is a problem for the client.
- Example language (illustrative): "Looking at the week, you drew on the job question six times. What were you hoping the sixth card would tell you that the first didn't?"
- Watch for: short-lived relief after readings followed by renewed doubt (a reassurance-seeking cycle); hidden spending; the client feeling unable to decide without a reading. Working: the client notices the cycle and chooses to change it. [synthesis]
B4. Differential assessment without pathologising belief
- Purpose and when to use: when experiences go beyond the client's community norms, or there is distress or impairment. [synthesis]
- Steps: assess the form, not the content, of beliefs and experiences:
- Normative religious experience: shared with the client's community, flexible, not distressing, no impairment. Record "Religious or spiritual problem" (ICD-10-CM Z65.8) if the issue is a spiritual problem rather than a disorder. [source: Unbound Medicine ICD-10-CM Z65.8]
- Psychosis: fixed beliefs beyond the community's norms, hearing angels give commands, thought disorder, functional decline, beliefs that others are controlled by angels or demons. Arrange psychiatric assessment.
- Mania: sudden belief in a special angelic mission, reduced sleep, pressured speech, spending sprees on courses or readings. Urgent psychiatric review.
- Dissociation: losing time during meditation or readings, depersonalisation or derealisation, channelled "messages" experienced as not one's own with distress.
- OCD and scrupulosity: intrusive fear that ignoring a sign will cause harm, compulsive card checking, ritual to undo "bad" cards. Consider exposure and response prevention as the International OCD Foundation describes it [uncertain: not verified].
- Grief: see B5. Ask also how others in the client's tradition view the experience.
- Example language (illustrative): "Lots of people feel close to angels. I ask everyone this: are there times when the messages feel frightening, or come when you don't want them, or when you can't sleep?"
- Watch for: command content, risk to self or others, or reduced sleep with rising certainty: these call for same-day or urgent psychiatric routing per your service's protocols. [synthesis]
B5. Grief: continuing bonds versus exploitation
- Purpose and when to use: when a bereaved client seeks angel messages about, or from, the person who died, or believes the dead have become angels. [synthesis]
- Steps:
- Assess grief first: time since death, intensity of yearning, functioning, suicidal thoughts, and whether criteria for prolonged grief disorder may be met [uncertain: not verified].
- Explore what the messages offer: comfort, a sense of the relationship continuing, permission to live on, or answers to unfinished questions.
- Distinguish a sustaining inner bond (comfort, functioning returning) from dependence (needing frequent readings to cope, distress between readings, escalating spending).
- Work with the bond directly in therapy: letters to the deceased, remembering rituals the client chooses, conversations with the client's own faith community [synthesis].
- If paid readings are frequent, explore cost and what a reader gains from repeat visits, without disparaging the client's comfort.
- Example language (illustrative): "When the card felt like it came from your mum, what did you most need to hear? Could we find ways for you to keep that connection that don't depend on someone else?"
- Watch for: suicidal thoughts framed as reunion with the dead; this needs a standard risk assessment, safety planning and, if needed, urgent referral. Working: the client can feel close to the dead person without a reading. [synthesis]
B6. Reducing dependence on readings and restoring decisional autonomy
- Purpose and when to use: when B3 shows readings are driving decisions, anxiety or spending and the client wants change. [synthesis]
- Steps:
- Agree the client's goal in their words (for example "decide about work without asking the cards ten times"); it need not be stopping.
- Build a decision method the client owns: list options, values, information still needed, and a deadline.
- Agree an experiment: one draw only per question, or a fixed delay before any reading, or decide first and read afterwards. Predict anxiety, then record what actually happens.
- If anxiety and repeated checking look like OCD, use exposure and response prevention within its usual consent and safety steps.
- Review weekly and adjust; praise decisions taken without a reading as the client's own.
- Example language (illustrative): "What if, just for this week, you made the call first and drew the card afterwards, so we can see how it feels to trust your own judgement?"
- Watch for: spikes of anxiety that settle (working); switching to another reader or another divination method (substitution); the client feeling you are attacking their faith (step back, re-anchor to their goal). [synthesis]
B7. Financial exploitation review
- Purpose and when to use: when spending on readings, healings, decks or courses is high, rising, hidden or causing conflict. [synthesis]
- Steps:
- Ask directly and without judgement about spending in the past month and year, including subscriptions, phone or online readings and course fees.
- Ask about pressure: readers who say a curse or blockage needs paid removal, urgent upsells, or warnings of harm if the client stops.
- Help the client set a budget they choose and tell a trusted person if they wish.
- If there is fraud, coercion or an adult at risk, signpost consumer protection, the police or adult safeguarding as appropriate in your jurisdiction, and debt advice. Students who paid for certificates and now want refunds can be pointed to consumer advice. [synthesis; Aldrich 2017 reports students describing large spending and calling for refunds]
- Example language (illustrative): "It's your money and your choice. I ask because it sounded as if the readings have started to cost more than you planned. Would it help to look at that together?"
- Watch for: shame, secrecy from a partner, a reader's threats; cognitive decline in older clients (consider capacity and safeguarding). [synthesis]
B8. Clarifying the word "therapy" and the therapist's role
- Purpose and when to use: when a client compares you to an angel therapist, asks you to give a reading, or holds an Angel Therapy Practitioner certificate. [synthesis]
- Steps:
- Explain plainly what your licence or registration covers and that you do not give readings, healings or spiritual messages.
- Explain, without disparaging, that "Angel Therapy Practitioner" is a private course certificate (the course was taught by its founder from 1997 and the brand was later repudiated by her), not a health professional qualification. [source: NetGalley; Aldrich 2017; synthesis]
- If the client is a practitioner who uses "therapy" with clients who are in mental-health crisis, discuss limits of competence, referral of people in crisis to clinical services, and local rules on protected titles [uncertain: jurisdiction-specific].
- If the client brings their own cards, you may look at the card they drew as material for reflection ("what does it bring up?"), but you do not draw or interpret.
- Example language (illustrative): "I'm not able to do readings; that's not my role here. But I'm interested in what the card you drew this morning stirred up for you."
- Watch for: disappointment or rupture (see section 5); relief at clear boundaries. [synthesis]
B9. Working with the founder's renunciation
- Purpose and when to use: for clients who trained with, followed or worked under Virtue's brand and are affected by her 2017 renunciation, or who have themselves left angel practice for a new faith or none. [synthesis; Aldrich 2017 documents grief and a sense of betrayal among students]
- Steps:
- Map losses: identity, community, income, certificates, sense of having been wrong or of having misled others.
- Normalise mixed reactions: grief, anger, vindication, fear of spiritual consequences.
- Separate what the client valued (care for others, comfort, community) from the brand.
- If the client has converted and now fears past practice was dangerous, explore with the CFI module and, if they wish, with a leader from their new community; screen for scrupulosity.
- Support practical decisions (continuing, changing or stopping practice; finances; telling former clients).
- Example language (illustrative): "You built part of your life around this work, and then the person who started it said it was wrong. That's a lot to carry. What's been hardest?"
- Watch for: depressive symptoms, shame, compulsive confession or ritual undoing (scrupulosity), religious conflict in the family. [synthesis]
B10. Referral and community links
- Purpose and when to use: when needs go beyond psychotherapy or the client wants spiritual support. [synthesis]
- Steps: psychiatric assessment for psychosis, mania or high risk; GP or physician for physical symptoms or medication questions; grief services; debt or consumer advice; with the client's consent, a minister, chaplain or community leader of the client's choosing. Agree what information is shared. [synthesis]
- Example language (illustrative): "Would it help to talk with someone from your own church or circle about this? I'm happy to work alongside them if you want that."
- Watch for: referral felt as rejection; explain it as adding support. [synthesis]
B11. Safeguarding where children are involved
- Purpose and when to use: when a parent relies on angel readings or healing for a child's health or development, or uses spiritual labels (for example "Indigo" or "crystal" children) in place of assessment for ADHD, autism or other conditions. Whether such labels appear in this founder's own books is [uncertain: not verified]. [synthesis]
- Steps: explore respectfully; encourage paediatric or developmental assessment alongside the family's beliefs; involve the child's assent in age-appropriate ways; follow local safeguarding procedures if medical care is being refused or a child is at risk.
- Example language (illustrative): "Your beliefs about who your child is can sit alongside getting a proper assessment. An assessment might open up support at school."
- Watch for: refusal of necessary medical care, isolation of the child, distress in the child about "messages". [synthesis]
B12. Documentation and coding
- Purpose and when to use: when the clinical focus is spiritual distress rather than a mental disorder. [source: Unbound Medicine ICD-10-CM Z65.8]
- Steps: record the client's own terms; note why the presentation is or is not a disorder; use ICD-10-CM Z65.8 (which lists "Religious or spiritual problem") where it fits. The DSM-5-TR wording for this category is [uncertain: not verified].
- Example language (illustrative): "I'm noting this as a spiritual concern you're working through, not an illness."
- Watch for: records that describe beliefs as symptoms without evidence of disorder. [synthesis]
B13. When the therapist also practises angel work
- Purpose and when to use: a therapist who also gives angel readings or healing outside therapy. [synthesis]
- Steps: keep the practices entirely separate (different settings, no cross-referral of clients, no readings for current or former therapy clients); avoid self-disclosure about your own practice unless it clearly serves the client; seek consultation. Check your professional body's code on multiple relationships [uncertain: not verified].
- Example language (illustrative): "What I do outside this room isn't part of our work. In here, the focus is on you and your own sense of things."
- Watch for: clients seeking you out because of your spiritual work; pressure to blend roles. [synthesis]
5. Handling problems
The published sources on angel therapy do not address psychotherapy problems; all guidance below is [synthesis] unless a source is named.
- Client asks you to give a reading, draw a card or say whether an angel message is real. Decline warmly and explain your role (B8); turn to what the client hopes the answer would give them. (Illustrative: "I can't tell you what the angels mean, but I can help you work out what you think.")
- Client feels judged or expects you to debunk. Name your stance (no verdict on angels), ask what has happened before with professionals, and return to B1. If you made a dismissive remark, acknowledge it and repair.
- Rupture after you decline a reading or suggest referral. Validate disappointment, restate what you can offer, ask what would make the work feel useful.
- Stuck: the client agrees the readings are costly but keeps going. Revisit the function of readings (soothing anxiety, company, contact with the dead); find another way to meet that need before reducing readings; use small experiments (B6). Expect substitution with other readers or methods and name it without blame.
- Non-adherence with logs or experiments. Shrink the task (one entry a day), do it together in session, or switch to retrospective review.
- Overwhelm in session (grief or fear about spiritual consequences). Slow down, ground in the present, contain; return later. Assess suicide risk with standard methods if reunion with the dead or hopelessness is voiced; safety planning and lethal-means counselling (storage and removal) as your service requires.
- A reader has told the client something frightening (a curse, a dark entity, a death). Treat as a stressor; explore fear and any demands for payment; avoid arguing about the content; consider OCD or trauma responses; consider consumer or police routes where money is demanded under threat.
- Experiences escalate (commanding voices, no sleep, grandiose mission). Move to urgent psychiatric assessment; involve family only with consent or under your duty-of-care rules.
- Conflict with family or a new church over angel practice. Use the CFI module's conflict area; offer joint sessions if wanted; support the client's own choice rather than either side's.
- The client was harmed by an angel practitioner (for example, told to stop medical treatment). Prioritise medical safety (route to their doctor); never advise on medicines; support any complaint to consumer or other authorities the client chooses.
- The client is a former practitioner who fears they harmed their own clients. Explore realistically; distinguish guilt from responsibility; support repair actions the client chooses; watch for scrupulosity (B9).
- The therapist's own beliefs (for or against angels) intrude. Use supervision; keep self-disclosure minimal and in the client's interest.
Sources
- Doreen Virtue's conversion to Christianity sparks debate (Renu Aldrich, The Wild Hunt, 5 Sept 2017)
- Virtue, D. (2022). I left the New Age behind when I read the Old Testament. Christianity Today.
- The Angel Therapy Handbook, Doreen Virtue, Hay House, 2011 (NetGalley catalogue listing)
- Virtue, D. Archangel Oracle Cards. Hay House (product description in the akademika.no bookseller listing).
- Virtue, D. (2005). How to Give an Angel Card Reading Kit. Hay House (product description in the Alibris bookseller listing).
- Angel Spirituality, transcript, interview with Terhi Utriainen (Religious Studies Project, 2017)
- Doreen Virtue (Wikipedia)
- American Psychiatric Association, DSM-5 Cultural Formulation Interview Supplementary Modules
- ICD-10-CM Z65.8, Other specified problems related to psychosocial circumstances (includes 'Religious or spiritual problem'), https://www.unboundmedicine.com/icd/view/ICD-10-CM/945432/all/Z65_8___Other_specified_problems_related_to_psychosocial_circumstances
- Books cited: Virtue, D. (2011). The Angel Therapy Handbook. Hay House. Vieten, C., et al. (2013), spiritual and religious competencies for psychologists [uncertain: not verified].
- Cross-references: XIV 094 (Spiritualism and the séance), 098 (mediumship development circles) and 099 (evidential stage and television mediumship) on mediumship and grief; XIV 112 (Akashic-record readings); Domain VI 110 for suggestion and false memory where channelled or "recovered" messages are involved.