Atlas›Domain XIV · Western esoteric, divinatory & new spiritual movements›Guide 153
Guide XIV-153

Neville Goddard revival, law of assumption

Neville Goddard1941New York, USA
A 24 · L 53 · M 2318 interventions in the Trinity explorer4 described for recognition only
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[source: …] where a claim comes from[uncertain] not confirmed in a primary source[synthesis] the writer's reconstruction

1. Introduction

Version followed: Neville Goddard's own books and lectures as currently published (the Tarcher/Penguin treasury The Power of Imagination, 2015, which collects ten books from 1941 to 1961 including Feeling Is the Secret, 1944, and The Power of Awareness, 1952), plus the post-2015 online revival in which creators repackage his teaching as the "law of assumption" and "SATS" (state akin to sleep). Where the revival departs from Neville, this is said. [source: Penguin Random House; creator transcript; Wikipedia [uncertain: secondary, unverified]]

This is a manifestation practice, not a therapy. Neville (Neville Lancelot Goddard, 1905–1972, born in Barbados, lectured in New York and Los Angeles under the single name "Neville") is placed by his publisher within New Thought. His publisher summarises his core idea as imagination being divine and the outer world as "the out-picturing of your emotionalized thoughts". [source: Penguin Random House] He is reported to have studied from 1929 to 1936 with a teacher he called Abdullah. [uncertain: secondary, unverified]

Core idea of change, as Neville and the revival teach it: a person changes outer circumstances by assuming, in imagination and feeling, that a wish is already fulfilled, and by persisting in that assumption until events conform. A frequently cited line: "an assumption, though false, if persisted in, will harden into fact". [uncertain: secondary, unverified] Feeling Is the Secret (1944) holds that the subconscious takes felt states as fact and expresses them, and recommends falling asleep in the feeling of the wish fulfilled. [source: Shortform summary of the book; primary text not verified] The method is sometimes taught in a drowsy, relaxed state Neville called "a state akin to sleep". [source: freeneville Substack quoting Neville] Online creators now apply it especially to a "specific person" (SP), usually an ex-partner. [source: creator transcript; Real She Power]

Evidence status (one line): there is no established empirical evidence that inner assumption changes external events or another person's behaviour; psychological effects of imagery and expectation on the practitioner's own mood and behaviour are a separate matter. [uncertain: not verified against a systematic review]

For the psychotherapist, the task is not to teach or debunk the practice. It is to understand what it means to the client, assess whether it is helping or harming, and treat any problem it carries (obsession, compulsive ritual, grief stuck in fantasy, intrusive pursuit of another person, sleep disruption, derealisation, financial or parasocial dependence). [synthesis]

2. Framework

No manual or session structure exists for therapists working with this practice; the framework below is a clinical sequence. No session counts are given in any source. [synthesis]

How Neville framed it. He distinguished "the Law" (using imagination to shape earthly circumstances) from "the Promise" (his later teaching of a mystical rebirth in which the person realises they are the Creator). [uncertain: secondary, unverified] The online revival focuses almost entirely on the Law; clients may not know the Promise exists. [synthesis]

How the revival frames it (as creators teach it). Assumption comes first and reality follows; knowing the law is not enough, it must be accepted; methods (affirming, scripting, SATS, visualising) are optional, and only the underlying assumption matters; doubt and wavering are treated as negative assumptions the person is creating; telling yourself a method won't work is described as the worst thing to do. [source: creator transcript] Hashtags such as #LawOfAssumptionLove and #ManifestYourEx circulate with claims of fast results. [source: Real She Power]

Clinical phases [synthesis]

  1. Engagement and meaning. Goal: learn what the client practises, why, and what it gives them, without judgement. Move on when the client can describe the practice in their own words and feels it has been taken seriously.
  2. Cultural and spiritual assessment. Goal: place the practice in the client's wider identity and community, using the Cultural Formulation Interview and its Spirituality, Religion, and Moral Traditions module. Move on when you know whether the practice is a resource, a stressor, or both.
  3. Differential assessment and risk. Goal: distinguish ordinary belief and hope from OCD-type ritual and "manifestation anxiety", unresolved grief, psychosis or mania, dissociation and derealisation, depression, and pursuit of an unwilling person. Move on when a working formulation and any risk plan are agreed.
  4. Focused work. Goal: treat the identified problem with the matching method (ERP for compulsive manifesting, grief work for an ex-SP focus, boundary and safety work for pursuit, sleep work, dissociation stabilisation), while respecting the client's freedom to keep the belief. Move on when the problem behaviour has reduced and the client chooses how (and whether) to keep practising.
  5. Consolidation and relapse planning. Goal: the client recognises early signs of the practice turning compulsive or isolating and knows what to do.

Criteria throughout: the client sets the meaning; the clinician sets safety. If risk to self or others emerges, risk work takes priority over any phase. [synthesis]

3. Guiding principles

  • Curious, non-shaming stance. Ask, don't mock; many clients keep manifesting secret out of embarrassment. [source: Real She Power on secrecy; stance is synthesis]
  • Describe, don't adjudicate. Neither affirm that assumption changes reality nor tell the client it is nonsense; attribute claims to Neville or creators. [synthesis]
  • Function over content. Assess what the practice does in the client's life (comfort, control, hope, avoidance, compulsion), not whether it is true. [synthesis]
  • Belief is not a symptom. Holding New Thought or manifestation beliefs is not psychopathology; assess distress, impairment, conviction under contrary evidence and other symptoms. [synthesis]
  • Use the client's language. Words like "persisting", "affirming", "SP", "the 3D" have specific meanings in the community; ask what each means to them. [synthesis; "3D" usage [uncertain: not verified]]
  • Other people's autonomy is non-negotiable. Whatever the client believes about influencing an SP, the other person's "no", silence or block stands; therapy supports this. [synthesis]
  • Watch for self-blame. Teachings that outer events mirror inner states can turn into guilt for illness, abuse or loss. [synthesis]
  • The therapist is not a manifestation coach. Do not set affirmations, scripts or SATS scenes towards outcomes, and do not predict results. [synthesis]
  • Health and safety decisions stay with professionals. If a client is using assumption in place of medical care or safety planning, route the decision to the relevant clinician. [synthesis]
  • Respect the client's right to continue. The goal is reduced harm and more choice, not abandonment of the practice. [synthesis]

4. Intervention inventory

Part A describes the practices clients bring, as Neville and current creators teach them, so the therapist can recognise and ask about them. The therapist does not teach or guide these practices in therapy. Part B gives the therapist's own interventions. [synthesis]

Part A. The practices as taught

A1. Assuming the feeling of the wish fulfilled (Neville)

  • Purpose (as taught): to impress a desired state on the subconscious, which Neville held then expresses it as circumstance. [source: Shortform summary of Feeling Is the Secret; Wikipedia [uncertain: secondary, unverified]]
  • Steps (public outline, in summary): the person decides on a desired outcome, imagines in vivid detail a situation that would follow if it were already true, and dwells in the feeling of that fulfilment rather than in wanting it. Belief and emotion, not effort or willpower, are said to be decisive. [source: Shortform summary; Wikipedia [uncertain: secondary, unverified]]
  • Example language (therapist asking about it, illustrative): "When you assume it's already done, what do you actually picture, and what do you feel in your body?"
  • Watch for: imagery that brings calm and motivation (a resource) versus imagery that must be "right" or repeated until anxiety drops (possible compulsion); deep distress when the felt state cannot be reached. [synthesis]

A2. The "state akin to sleep" (SATS)

  • Purpose (as taught): to make the imagined fulfilment feel real by entering a drowsy, relaxed state in which, Neville taught, the mind is most receptive. [source: freeneville Substack quoting Neville; Wikipedia [uncertain: secondary, unverified]]
  • Outline (qualitative only, no protocol): in a lecture reproduced as Assumptions Harden Into Fact, Neville describes combining relaxation and drowsiness with imagining an ideal as already realised. [source: freeneville Substack; lecture date [uncertain]] Feeling Is the Secret links this to falling asleep in the feeling of the wish fulfilled. [source: Shortform summary] Revival creators teach many personal variants, often looped nightly. [uncertain: not verified]
  • Example language (illustrative): "How is your sleep on the nights you do SATS? Do you ever lie awake trying to get the scene to feel real?"
  • Watch for: delayed sleep onset or fragmented sleep from effortful bedtime imagery; vivid hypnagogic experiences the client finds frightening; derealisation (the world seeming unreal or "just a projection") carrying into the day; nightly pressure to "get it right". [synthesis]

A3. "Persisting", affirming and scripting (revival)

  • Purpose (as taught): to hold the assumption steadily until it "hardens into fact", by repeating affirmations, writing scripts as if the outcome had happened, and refusing to dwell on contrary evidence. [source: creator transcript; Real She Power; quotation [uncertain: secondary, unverified]]
  • Outline: creators vary. One creator transcript treats methods as optional and warns against "robotic affirming" and joyless persistence, saying the assumption alone matters and that doubt is itself a negative assumption. [source: creator transcript] Terms like "the 3D" (current physical circumstances), "the void" and "self-concept" circulate in communities. [uncertain: not verified]
  • Example language (illustrative): "What happens inside you when a doubt shows up? What do you do next?"
  • Watch for: hours of affirmation, re-writing scripts until they "feel right", monitoring one's thoughts for "negative assumptions", and reassurance-seeking in forums; these mirror magical-thinking OCD (rituals, counting, mental undoing). [source: Peace of Mind Foundation/IOCDF; link to manifesting is synthesis]

A4. Manifesting a "specific person" (SP)

  • Purpose (as taught): to bring a particular person, often an ex-partner, into or back into a relationship by assuming they are already together. [source: Real She Power; creator transcript]
  • Outline: creators teach separating breakup grief from manifesting, examining past assumptions, adopting the assumption that one controls the situation, and choosing a story such as the SP missing them and treating it as true without proof. [source: creator transcript] Posts claim that an ex texted soon after. [source: Real She Power]
  • Example language (illustrative): "Tell me about them as a real person, not the SP. What did they actually say when it ended?"
  • Watch for: frozen grief; reading coincidences as signs; contact, monitoring of social media or turning up despite a no, block or no-contact request; anger or despair when the SP moves on; the client's own needs vanishing behind the SP. [source: Real She Power on signs and checking an ex's stories; risk framing is synthesis]

Part B. The therapist's interventions

B1. Client-led exploration of meaning

  • Purpose: understand what the practice gives the client (hope, agency, spiritual identity, a way to cope with loss) before any assessment. Use at intake whenever the client mentions manifesting. [synthesis]
  • Steps: (1) Ask permission to explore it. (2) Ask how they found Neville or the law of assumption (books, lectures, TikTok, a coach). (3) Ask what they practise, when, how often, what it costs in time and money. (4) Ask what it has given them and what it has cost. (5) Reflect back in their words and check accuracy. [synthesis]
  • Example language (illustrative): "I'm not here to tell you what's true about the law. I'd like to understand what it means to you and where it fits in your life."
  • Watch for: relief at being taken seriously (working); guardedness or testing whether you will mock them (slow down); the client asking you to agree it works (acknowledge the hope, keep your role). [synthesis]

B2. Cultural Formulation Interview with the Spirituality, Religion, and Moral Traditions module

  • Purpose: place the practice within the client's identity, family and communities, and see whether it helps them cope or adds stress. [source: APA CFI Supplementary Modules]
  • Steps: use the core CFI, then the supplementary module, which covers: the traditions the person identifies with and their family's; the tradition's role in daily and family life; whether its leaders, texts, media or practices have helped them cope; and whether tradition-related issues have contributed to the problem, including conflict or discrimination. Paraphrase in session; the APA permits clinicians to reproduce the CFI for use with their patients. [source: APA CFI Supplementary Modules] Treat online creators and forums as the "leaders, texts and media" of this tradition. [synthesis] Consider the Explanatory Model, Coping and Help-Seeking, and School-Age Children and Adolescents modules where relevant. [source: APA CFI Supplementary Modules]
  • Example language (illustrative): "Which teachers or accounts do you follow most? When things were hard, did they help, or did they make it harder?"
  • Watch for: conflict with a family religion; a community that discourages talking to "non-believers" [uncertain: not verified]; dependence on one creator. [synthesis]

B3. Mapping the practice (behavioural analysis)

  • Purpose: get a concrete picture of time, triggers, rituals and consequences. Use after B1 when distress or impairment is present. [synthesis]
  • Steps: (1) Pick a recent day. (2) Track each episode: trigger (a doubt, seeing the SP online, bedtime), what they did (affirmed, scripted, SATS, checked forums), how long, how they felt before and after. (3) Total the hours and money (courses, coaching, subliminals). (4) Note what was given up (sleep, work, friends). [synthesis]
  • Example language (illustrative): "Let's walk through yesterday. When did the law first come to mind, and what did you do?"
  • Watch for: short-term relief followed by more urgency (compulsion pattern); spending the client can't afford; secrecy. [synthesis; compulsion pattern source: Peace of Mind Foundation/IOCDF]

B4. Differential assessment without pathologising belief

  • Purpose: tell ordinary belief from conditions that need specific treatment. Use when there is distress, impairment, unusual conviction or risk. [synthesis]
  • Steps: screen in turn for: (1) OCD / magical thinking: feared consequences if a ritual is skipped or a "wrong" thought occurs, rituals done until anxiety eases, counting, mental undoing of "bad" thoughts [source: Peace of Mind Foundation/IOCDF]; (2) grief and attachment injury after a breakup or death; (3) depression, including hopelessness when results don't come; (4) mania or hypomania: grandiosity beyond the teaching, reduced need for sleep, risky spending; (5) psychosis: beliefs held idiosyncratically beyond what the community itself teaches, hallucinations, ideas of reference that the SP is sending coded messages; (6) dissociation and derealisation; (7) risk to others (B7). Compare the client's belief with what the community commonly teaches: shared belief is culture, not delusion. [synthesis]
  • Example language (illustrative): "Some people find the law brings them peace; others find it starts to feel like they have to do it or something bad will happen. Which is closer for you?"
  • Watch for: the client feeling labelled; if so, return to function and distress. The DSM-5-TR "Religious or Spiritual Problem" (Z65.8) may fit some presentations [source: ICD-10-CM Z65.8, Unbound Medicine]; DSM-5-TR wording [uncertain: not verified].

B5. ERP for "manifestation anxiety" and compulsive persisting

  • Purpose: reduce compulsive affirming, scripting, thought-monitoring, sign-checking and reassurance-seeking when assessment shows an OCD pattern. Exposure and response prevention is described by the IOCDF-affiliated Peace of Mind Foundation as the gold-standard treatment. [source: Peace of Mind Foundation/IOCDF] Deliver only if trained in ERP; otherwise refer. [synthesis]
  • Steps: (1) Formulate the cycle: a doubt or "negative assumption" leads to fear that it will block or reverse the outcome, a ritual brings brief relief, and the fear returns stronger. [source: Peace of Mind Foundation/IOCDF on compulsions; application synthesis] (2) Obtain informed consent, explaining that exposure raises anxiety temporarily and that the client chooses each step. (3) Build a graded list of feared situations with the client (e.g. letting a doubt pass without "revising" it, skipping one bedtime script, reading that the SP is dating someone without affirming afterwards). (4) Practise exposures without neutralising; the Peace of Mind Foundation gives the example of deliberately thinking a "bad thought" without undoing it. [source: Peace of Mind Foundation/IOCDF] (5) Reduce reassurance from forums and creators. (6) Frame the aim as freedom to choose, not giving up the belief. [synthesis] Contraindications: active psychosis, mania, acute suicidality or a crisis such as recent assault should be stabilised first. [synthesis]
  • Example language (illustrative): "We're not testing whether the law works. We're testing whether you can let a doubt be there without having to fix it."
  • Watch for: rituals moving into the mind (silent affirming); the client experiencing exposure as betrayal of their faith (go back to values); falling distress across repeated exposures shows it is working. [synthesis]

B6. Grief and relationship work behind SP manifesting

  • Purpose: help the client grieve the relationship and recover their own life when manifesting has become a way of not accepting the ending. [synthesis]
  • Steps: (1) Separate the real person from "the SP" (see A4). (2) Review the relationship as it was, including how it ended. (3) Name losses and feelings directly. (4) Identify the needs the SP represents (belonging, worth, safety) and other ways to meet them. (5) Plan valued activities and contact with friends. Some creators also advise separating grief from manifesting; this can be a bridge. [source: creator transcript for that advice; rest synthesis]
  • Example language (illustrative): "Whatever happens with them, you're grieving right now. Can we give that grief some room?"
  • Watch for: the client saying grief work will "block" manifestation (reframe: grieving is a feeling, not an assumption); signs of moving on, such as more interest in other parts of life. [synthesis]

B7. Consent, boundaries and pursuit risk

  • Purpose: prevent harm to the SP and to the client where manifesting slides into unwanted contact or surveillance. [synthesis]
  • Steps: (1) Ask directly about contact, social-media checking, use of other accounts, going to places the SP frequents, contacting their friends or family. (2) Ask whether the SP has asked for no contact, blocked them or involved police. (3) If there is unwanted contact, name it clearly and kindly, explain that persistent unwanted contact can frighten the other person and may be a crime, and agree a no-contact plan (muting, deleting, a friend to call instead). (4) Assess anger, threats and weapon access; follow local law and your service's duty-to-warn or protect procedures. (5) Assess the client's own safety and suicidality if the SP is with someone new. [synthesis]
  • Example language (illustrative): "Believing in the law is your choice. Their 'no' is theirs. How can we make sure your practice stays inside your own head and doesn't land on them?"
  • Watch for: reinterpreting blocks or refusals as "the 3D" that will change; escalation after anniversaries or news of a new partner. [synthesis]

B8. Working with self-blame and over-responsibility

  • Purpose: address guilt when the teaching that the world reflects one's inner state ("everyone is you pushed out" [uncertain: secondary, unverified]) is turned into blame for abuse, illness, a death or someone else's choices. [synthesis]
  • Steps: (1) Ask whether the client believes they caused a painful event by their thoughts. (2) Explore what that belief costs them. (3) Use responsibility pie or compassion-focused methods. (4) Invite the client to consider how Neville and their teachers would treat a grieving friend; let them draw on their own tradition's compassion. [synthesis]
  • Example language (illustrative): "If a friend who'd been hurt told you it was their own assumption, what would you want them to hear?"
  • Watch for: reduced shame and the client separating accountability for their actions from responsibility for others' actions. [synthesis]

B9. Sleep and bedtime practice

  • Purpose: protect sleep where SATS or bedtime scripting delays or disturbs it. [synthesis]
  • Steps: (1) Ask about sleep timing, wakings, and how long the client lies awake doing imagery. (2) If sleep is poor, agree with the client on moving the practice earlier or making it brief and effortless, or pausing it. (3) Use standard sleep advice or refer for CBT for insomnia. (4) If frightening hypnagogic or sleep-paralysis experiences occur, normalise them as common sleep phenomena and assess for other causes. [synthesis]
  • Example language (illustrative): "Your teachers describe a drowsy, easy state. If it has become a nightly struggle, would you be open to changing when or how you do it?"
  • Watch for: sleep restored; continuing deterioration (assess mood and mania). [synthesis]

B10. Derealisation, dissociation and reality testing

  • Purpose: help clients for whom the idea that outer reality is "just" a projection has become a frightening sense of unreality. [synthesis]
  • Steps: (1) Ask whether the world or the self feels unreal, dreamlike or distant, and when. (2) Use grounding (senses, body, present surroundings). (3) Distinguish a belief held calmly from a frightening experience of unreality. (4) Screen for dissociative disorders, trauma and psychosis; refer for psychiatric assessment if there are hallucinations, fixed idiosyncratic beliefs or functional decline. [synthesis]
  • Example language (illustrative): "Right now, can you tell me five things you can see in this room?"
  • Watch for: recovery of everyday feeling of realness; escalation after more intensive practice. [synthesis]

B11. Online ecology: parasocial dependence, paid coaching and money

  • Purpose: assess reliance on particular creators, paid courses, coaching, "success story" communities and subliminal products. [synthesis]
  • Steps: (1) List the accounts, groups and products the client uses and what they spend. (2) Ask how they feel when a creator posts, or when they can't access the community. (3) Ask whether any coach has discouraged therapy, medical care or contact with family. (4) Explore how algorithmic feeds of fast-results claims shape hope and shame. (5) Agree limits the client chooses (muting, a budget, "not interested" and blocking tools). [synthesis; blocking tools mentioned by Refinery29 for related manifestation content] Some manifestation audios on TikTok tell viewers to engage or something bad will happen, which can trigger compulsive engagement in people with OCD. [source: Refinery29] Overlap with conspiracy content is reported by researchers for wellness and spiritual online spaces generally. [uncertain: not verified for this practice]
  • Example language (illustrative): "Which voices online feel most important to you right now? How do you feel after an hour with them?"
  • Watch for: debt, secrecy about spending, the creator's word overriding the client's own judgement. [synthesis]

B12. Children and young people: safeguarding

  • Purpose: protect minors, who form a large part of the online audience. [synthesis] A psychologist quoted by Refinery29 notes that such content may trigger fears in people with undiagnosed OCD, especially younger viewers. [source: Refinery29]
  • Steps: (1) Use the CFI School-Age Children and Adolescents module. [source: APA CFI Supplementary Modules] (2) Assess sleep, school functioning, compulsive rituals and online contact with adults (coaches, "mentors", paid DMs). (3) Assess SP manifesting directed at another young person for pursuit risk (B7). (4) Involve parents or carers as consent, assent and safety require; follow local safeguarding procedures for grooming, exploitation or self-harm. [synthesis]
  • Example language (illustrative): "Lots of people your age use manifesting. What do you like about it, and has anything about it started to worry you?"
  • Watch for: adults online asking for money, photos or secrecy; school refusal; self-harm. [synthesis]

B13. Health, safety and major decisions

  • Purpose: ensure the client does not rely on assumption alone where health, safety or finances are at stake. No practice in this guide treats physical illness. [synthesis]
  • Steps: (1) Ask whether the client is using the law instead of medical treatment, safety planning or financial advice. (2) Without disputing the belief, encourage them to keep professional input alongside it ("both/and"). (3) Route medical decisions to their doctor; never advise on starting, stopping or changing medicine. [synthesis]
  • Example language (illustrative): "You can keep assuming the best outcome and also keep your doctor's appointment. Would that fit with your beliefs?"
  • Watch for: delayed care, quitting work or large purchases to "act as if". [synthesis]

B14. Role boundaries and referral

  • Purpose: keep the therapist's role clear and link the client with the right help. [synthesis]
  • Steps: (1) Do not lead SATS, write scripts, set affirmations towards outcomes, predict results or offer readings. (2) If you personally practise manifesting or New Thought, keep it separate; disclose only if it serves the client. (3) Build competence in spiritual and religious issues; if the client wishes, involve a New Thought minister or teacher they trust, with consent. (4) Refer to an ERP-trained clinician for OCD, to psychiatry for psychosis or mania, to sleep services for insomnia, to domestic-abuse or stalking services where relevant, and to debt advice. [synthesis] Ethics points here are general good practice. [synthesis]
  • Example language (illustrative): "I won't be guiding manifestation work here, but I'm very open to talking about how it fits your life."
  • Watch for: pressure to become the client's coach or to confirm a result. [synthesis]

5. Handling problems

All guidance in this section is synthesis unless a source is given. [synthesis]

  • Client fears therapy will "block" the manifestation. Acknowledge the fear; agree that therapy will not ask them to assume the opposite. Frame sessions as working on feelings and behaviour, which creators themselves often say to address (e.g. separating grief from manifesting). [source: creator transcript; rest synthesis]
  • Client asks you to agree it works. Validate the hope and the effort; say plainly that your role is not to confirm or deny outcomes. Return to what they want from therapy.
  • Client treats your questions as "negative assumptions". Name the bind: any doubt becomes forbidden. Offer this as an observation about how the teaching is being used, and explore whether it feels freeing or trapping.
  • Stuck in waiting for the SP. Set a gentle time frame for reviewing life goals that do not depend on the SP; use B6. If the client is in pursuit of an unwilling person, prioritise B7.
  • Escalating rituals despite ERP. Check for hidden mental rituals and reassurance from forums; review the hierarchy; consider referral to a specialist OCD service and psychiatric review for medication options (the decision belongs to the prescriber). [source: Peace of Mind Foundation/IOCDF on psychiatric consultation; rest synthesis]
  • Overwhelm or derealisation after intensive practice. Pause intensive practice by agreement, ground (B10), protect sleep (B9), and assess for psychosis or mania.
  • Non-adherence to homework. Check whether tasks clash with beliefs; co-design tasks the client can see as consistent with their values.
  • Rupture: client feels mocked or pathologised. Apologise for how it landed, restate respect for the belief, and invite them to correct your understanding (B1).
  • Client blames themselves for abuse, illness or loss. Use B8; check for depression and suicidality.
  • Hopelessness when nothing manifests. Assess suicide risk using standard practice; explore what the outcome has come to mean (worth, lovability).
  • Family conflict. With consent, help family members respond without ridicule; use the CFI Caregivers or Social Network modules where relevant. [source: APA CFI Supplementary Modules for module names]
  • Financial harm. Use B11; refer to debt advice; consider whether coaching or product claims should be reported to consumer-protection bodies.
  • Minor in contact with an adult "coach". Follow safeguarding procedures (B12).

Sources

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